Which programming language to choose as a beginner, or multi-Hello World

Are you wondering which programming language to choose? Have no idea which one to pick? Then this post is for you. I have prepared short descriptions of various programming languages and the basic Hello World program code.

Golang

package main
import "fmt"
func main(){
    fmt.Printf("Hello World\n")
}

Statically typed, multi-paradigm programming language developed by Google employees Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson in 2009. It has a built-in Garbage Collector. Significantly simplifies concurrent programming thanks to so-called GoRoutines. Functions can return more than one result. Unfortunately, as of now, Go 1.10 does not support generic types.

JavaScript

console.log("Hello World");

Frontend language. Required when writing web applications. Used to create interactive views on web pages. Dynamically typed (duck typing), multi-paradigm, prototype-based programming language developed by Netscape in 1995. Thanks to its server-side implementation NodeJS, it has a huge library of frameworks including Angular from Google and React from Facebook.

Java

class Hello{
    public static void main(){
        System.out.println("Hello World");
    }
}

Fully object-oriented, statically typed language. Currently one of the most popular programming languages in which you can find a job without much trouble. Created in 1995 by Sun Microsystems. Its main application is enterprise-class web applications. Often used with the Spring Framework to create applications. Java was designed with architecture independence in mind, allowing it to run on any machine with a Java Virtual Machine.

C#

class HelloWorld
{
    static void Main()
    {
        System.Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
    }
}

Microsoft’s answer to Java. Also created as a fully object-oriented, statically typed programming language. It has many elements of C++ and Java. The .NET virtual machine allows it to run on many systems, mainly thanks to .NET Core.

C

#include <stdio.h>

main()
{
    printf("Hello World!\n");
}

One of the oldest languages, currently used in writing microcontrollers. It is also used in the development of the Linux kernel. It does not have classes, but it is small in size and can be compiled on any platform. It is a statically typed language.

C++

#include <iostream.h>

int main()
{
    cout << "Hello World!";
    return 0;
}

Enhanced C, has classes, templates (generic types), inheritance mechanisms. Overall, it is C on steroids. Used where the speed of our applications matters.

Python

print("Hello World")

Dynamically typed, interpreted language. Very easy to learn, it finds use in many fields of computer science, from simple scripts, through websites (using Django or Flask frameworks), to Artificial Intelligence (Machine Learning, Deep Learning). Thanks to dynamic typing, we do not have to worry about specifying data types, but since it is an interpreted language, we cannot detect errors before running the application, and the performance of our applications will not be as good as in the case of applications written in C or C++ (although it all depends on the algorithm used).

Ruby

puts 'Hello, world!'

Like Python, it is a dynamically typed and interpreted language. Currently, its main application is WebDev thanks to the Ruby on Rails framework, which allows for quick prototyping and writing web applications. Ruby on Rails itself has a scaffolding mechanism, allowing us to create a simple site with databases, views, and controllers in a few minutes.

PHP

<?php echo '<p>Hello World</p>'; ?> 

A language considered by many to be dying, intended exclusively for WebDev. Nevertheless, it is still very popular thanks to the CMS called WordPress, which was written in PHP. WordPress itself does not require knowledge of PHP, but writing plugins may require knowledge of PHP.

Haskell

main = putStrLn "Hello World"

A language with a functional programming paradigm. Ideal for learning this style of programming. I have not had the opportunity to use it, so I will not write much about it.

Malbolge

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